AP PGECET- 2018(Instrumentation Engineering)

A conservative force field is

The integration factor of the differential equation dy/dx + y/x = x²y⁶ is

If y1 and y2 are two linearly independent solutions of d²y/dx² + 4y = tan 2x then the Wronskian of y₁ and y₂ is

The probability that a leap year selected at random will contain 53 Sundays is

If a variable X satisfies the Poisson distribution with a mean value of 2 then probability that X>2 is

A real root of the equation X³ – x – 11 = 0 lies between

The condition for maximum power transfer in the circuit is

A series RLC circuit has a resonance of 1 kHz and a quality factor Q = 100. If each R, L and C is doubled from its original value, the new Q of the circuit is

A 0-300 V voltmeter has an error of ±2% of full scale deflection. What would be the range of readings if true voltage is 30V?

An independent voltage source in series with an impedance Z_s = R_s = jX_s delivers a maximum average power to a load impedance ZL when

Which of the following represents relation for kinematic viscosity?

A piezoelectric type transducer has a sensitivity of 100 mitral valve/g. The transducers is subjected to a constant acceleration of 5g. The steady state output of the transducer will be

The output voltage of an LVDT is 1.5V at maximum displacement. At a load of 0.5 Ω, the deviation from linearity is maximum and it is ±0.003V from a straight line through origin. The linearity at the given load is

The lower limit at useful working range of a transducer is determined by

A copper-constant thermocouple was found to have a linear calibration between 0^oC and 400^oC with emf at maximum temperature (reference junction temperature 0^oC) equal to 20.68 mitral valve. If the indicated emf is 8.92 mitral valve in thermocouple circuit, determine the temperature of hot junction.

The cell constant is defined as the ratio of

A conveyor belt is travelling at a speed of 32 cm/s and a load cell with length of 0.8 is reading 6.0 kg. What is the flow rate of material on the belt?

The seismic mass of an accelerometer oscillates sinusoidally at 100 Hz with a maximum displacement of 10 mm from its mean position. The peak acceleration of the seismic mass is

A transducer is subjected to a sudden change in the measurand. It takes 10 seconds to reach the steady state condition. How long will it take to read half the measurand?

Dummy strain gauge is used in conjunction with the main strain gauge to

When the temperature of the thermocouple measuring junction is lower than the reference junction, then,

A piezoelectric type pressure sensor has a sensitivity of 1 mitral valve/kPa and a bandwidth of 300 Hz to 300 kHz. For a constant of 100 kPa, the steady state output of the sensor in millivolt is ______

Dunmore hygrometer exhibits

The pressure and velocity at the throat of a Venturi tube, measuring the flow of a liquid are related to the upstream pressure and velocity, respectively, as follows:

Which one of the following is an inverse transducer?

A moving iron voltmeter is connected across the voltage source whose instantaneous value is v(t) = 5 + 10 cos(314t + 30^o). The meter reading is

A transducer has an output impedance of 1 KΩ and load resistance is 1Ω, the transducer behaves as

In which of the liquid level gauges, the Geiger Mueller tube is used?

An ultrasonic flow meter with the transducer separated by a distance L = 25 mm with the line joining the transducers making an angle 600 with the direction of the flow. The transit time difference between upstream and downstream measurements is 10ns with the sound velocity in the medium being 1000 m/s. Assuming that the size of the transducers is very small as compared to the diameter of the pipe, the flow velocity is

The pressure drop across an orifice plate for a particular flow rate is 5 kg/m². If the flow rate is doubles (within the operating range of the orifice), the corresponding pressure drop in kg/m² is,

Thermal run away is not possible in FET because as the temperature of FET increases

The effect of current shunt feedback in an amplifier is to

The feedback factor of Wien bridge oscillator using OP-AMP is

The decimal equivalent of the hexadecimal number E5 is

A full adder can be implemented with half – adders and OR gates. A four bit parallel full adder without any initial carry required

For a D/A converter, the resolution required is 50 mitral valve and the total maximum input is 10V. The number of bits required is

In 8086 micorprocessor, if the code segment register contains 1FAB and IP register contains 10A1, the effective memory address is

The 2’s complement representation of (-539)₁₀ in hexadecimal is

In a microprocessor, the register which holds the address of the next instruction to be fetched is

A 4 bit modulo- 16 ripple counter used J-K flip-flops. If propagation delay of each flip-flop is 50 ms, then maximum clock frequency is equal to

The subroutine SBX given below is executed by an 8085 microprocessor. The value in the accumulator immediately after the execution of the subroutine will be

SBX: MVIA, 99H
           ADI 11H
           MOV C
           RET

The internal data memory of 8051 microcontroller has

Frequency domain of a periodic triangular function is a

In non coherent reception of FSK, _______ is measured.

The trigonometric Fourier series of a periodic time function can have only

A quantizer operates at a sampling frequency of 16 kHz. What is its Nyquist limit?

The Fourier series of a real periodic function has any

In Chebyshev filter poles lie on the

DFT of unit sample sequence is

y(n) – x²(n) system is

The radix-2 FFT algorithm is one which requires N the sequence length to be

It is possible to compute the cross correlation Rxy(z) between two signals x(t) and y(t) directly from their convolution provided

If M and N are the orders of numerator and denominator of rational system function respectively, then how many multiplications are required in direct form-I realization of the IIR filter?

Which of the given signals are periodic?

Pulse Amplitude modulation (PAM) signals can be demodulated by using a

The output of a linear system to a unit step u(t) is t²e^t. The system function H(s) is

The fundamental period of x(t) = 2 sin(2πt) + 3 sin(3πt), where t expressed in seconds is

The controlling torque in a megger is provided by

High range can be obtained in a basic D.C. electronic voltmeter by

A practical Q meter consists of ______

Maxwell’s inductance capacitance bridge is used for measurement of inductance of

In Wheatstone bridge all resistors are of RΩ and the battery has zero internal resistance. Then, the galvanometer resistance for maximum sensitivity of bridge will be

If the secondary burden of a current transformer is 15VA and secondary current is 5A, then the impedance of the connected load will be

A Kelvin double bridge is best suited for the measurement of

A DC ammeter has a resistance of 0.1 Ω and the current range is 1-100 A. If the range is to be extended to 0-500 A, the meter requires which of the following shunt resistance?

The input voltage for starting the oscillation in an oscillator is caused by

In measurements made using a Q-meter, high impedance elements should preferably be connected in

A 0-300 V voltmeter has guaranteed accuracy of 1% full scale reading. The voltage measured by the instrument is 83 V. The percent limiting error is

A slide wire potentiometer has 10 wires of 1m each. With the help of a standard voltage source of 1.018 V it is standardized by keeping the wiper at 101.8 cm. If the resistance of the potentiometer wires is 1000 ohm, then the value of the working current is

A wattmeter has a current coil of 0.03 Ω resistances and pressure coil of 6000 Ω resistance. Calculate the percentage error if the wattmeter is so connected that the current coil is on the load side. If the load takes 20A at a voltage of 220V and 0.6 p.f

The Hay’s bridge operating at a supply frequency of 100 Hz is balanced when the components are C₃ = 0.1 μF, R₁ = 1.26 kΩ, R₃ = 75 Ω and R₄ = 500 Ω. Calculate inductance of the coil.

The sweep generator of a CRO is used to produce

A single phase energy meter is operating on a 240 V, 50 Hz supply with a load of 25 A for a 2 hours at unity power factor. The meter makes 1500 revolutions in that period. The meter constant is

Wagner’s earth devices used on AC bridge circuit for

Two voltmetes of 0-300 V range are connected in parallel to an ac circuit. One voltmeter is moving iron type and reads 200 V, the other meter is moving coil type, the reading will be,

The standardization of a.c potentiometers is done by

The system in originally critically damped, if the gain is doubled the system will be

The characteristic equation of a system is given as 3s⁴ + 10s³ + 5s² + 2 = 0. This system is

Offset can be eliminated with the help of controllers

The frequency at which the Nyquist diagram crosses the negative real axis is known as

The phase margin of a system with the open loop transfer function given below is

G(s)H(s) = (1-s)/[(1+s)(2+s)]

The root locus plot of the system having loop transfer function

G(s)H(s) = k/[s(s+4)(s²+4s+5)]

In the Bode-plot of a unit feedback control system, the value of phase of G(jw) at the given crossover frequency is -125^o. The phase margins of the system is

A linear discrete-time system has the characteristic equation z³ – 0.81z = 0. The system is

Which one of the following is an advantage of P+D controller in terms of damping (δ) and natural frequency (ω_n)?

Which of these devices is used for sequence control, tuning, counting and data calculation in a process

Identify the sequence of operation in fuzzy control

1. rule base
2. fuzzification
3. funny inference
4. defuzzificaton

For a unity feedback system with open loop gain G(s) = 9/s(s+3), the closed loop system will have a damping ratio of

The phase cross-over frequency of the transfer function G(s) = 100/(s+1)³

A unity feedback system has a forward path transfer function G(s) = 10/s(s+5). It is subjected to a unit ramp input. The Integral of the Squared Error (ISE) is

The impulse response of a discrete LTI system I u(n). The system

A unity feedback control loop with an open-loop transfer function of the form L(s+α) has a gain crossover frequency of 1 rad/sec and a phase margin of 60^o. If an element having a transfer function (s-√3)/(s+√3) is inserted into the loop, the phase margin will become

Beer’s law states that the intensity of light decreases with respect to _______

Basically ultrasonic sound waves are _______

Which of the following is used in tomography?

While measuring speed with a stroboscope, synchronism has been obtained at the flashing rates of 25 and 20 pulses per second. The speed of rotation is

The longitudinal mode separation in a gas laser with cavity length of 0.4 m (given velocity of light = 3 × 10⁸ m/sec) is

An apparatus to capture ECG signals has a filter followed by data acquisition system. The filter best suited for this application is

Korotkoff sounds are used

In Fick’s method of cardiac output measurement, oxygen consumption is 200 mL/min arterial oxygen content is 0.30 mL/mL and venous oxygen is 0.20 mL/mL. The cardiac output is L/min is

When the reading of a pH meter changes from 5 to 7, the hydrogen ion concentration of the solution is

The transmittance of a coloured solution is 0.5. The absorbance of the solution is

_____ & ______ act as ionising gas in Geiger Muller counter for nuclear radiation detection?

Calculate the maximum transmission distance for a fiber link with attenuation of 0.5 dB/km, if the power launched is 1 mW and receiver sensitivity is 50 μW.

The responsivity of a photodiode is 0.85 A/W and input-power saturation is 1.5 mW. What is the photocurrent if the incident light power is 1 mW?

When the optical power incident on a photo diode is 10 μW and the responsivity is 0.8 A/W, the photo current generated is

In ion spectroscopy, the positive ions are focused on the sample at an angle of